| Please join us for an exciting and exclusive offer from The Pennsylvania Innocence Project! Order Your Tickets Now! |
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The Pennsylvania Innocence Project (PIP) has teamed up with the Kander & Ebb musical play The Scottsboro Boys for an exclusive & exciting program. PIP and the Pennsylvania Capital Representation Project (PCRP) will jointly present a two-hour, two-credit CLE program inspired by the content of The Scottsboro Boys and the historical events on which it is based following the performance.
When:
Wednesday, February 15, 2012
1 pm and 7 pm performances
Where:
Suzanne Roberts Theatre
Broad & Pine Streets
Details:
Following the 1 pm performance, the following presentation will take place:
The Honorable Louis Pollak will discuss the role his father, Supreme Court advocate Walter Pollak, played in the two Supreme Court cases that arose out of the Scottsboro Boys tragedy: Powell v. Alabama and Norris v. Alabama.
A panel discussion about Race and Justice with panelists Dan Carter, historian and author of Scottsboro: A Tragedy of the American South; Randall Kennedy, Harvard law professor and author of Race, Crime and the Law; and Marie Gottschalk, Penn political science professor and author of The Politics of Mass Incarceration in America.
A panel on contemporary wrongful convictions and the means of preventing them, moderated by PIP legal director Marissa Bluestine, with panelists Rob Dunham, David Rudovsky and Gordon Cooney, attorneys who have successfully sought the exonerations of wrongfully convicted clients, and Pennsylvania exoneree Vincent Moto.
Reception to follow at the theatre.
Cost:
Performance + program with CLE credit + reception: $225
Performance + program without CLE credit + reception: $125
Program + reception with CLE credit: $175
Program + reception without CLE credit: $75
Tickets can be purchased on-line by clicking here.
**Students and Public Interest Lawyers
Performance (specify 1 pm or 7 pm): $50
Program with CLE Credit: $ 75
Program without CLE credit: $ 25
Reception with panelists: $25
Students and Public Interest lawyers, please register by going through PayPal using the button above on this website noting your events and 1 or 7 pm performance in the comment section.
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| Help the Pennsylvania Innocence Project Prevent Innocent People from Being Wrongly Convicted of Crimes in Pennsylvania |
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Senator Stewart Greenleaf has introduced bills in the Pennsylvania Senate that would put in action the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Wrongful Convictions. The first bill, Senate Bill 1337, would create a Committee on Conviction Integrity, which would examine any proven exoneration case to determine what factors led to the wrongful conviction of an innocent person. Further, it would review whether or not changes to the Pennsylvania criminal justice system could prevent future injustices.
The second bill, Senate Bill 1338 calls for necessary improvements to methods used by law enforcement, including
- Requiring all law enforcement agencies to abide by known best practices when conducting photo arrays and physical lineups.
- Mandating that suspect interrogations be recorded from the point at which Miranda warnings are first given.
- Requiring that all public forensic labs be accredited and that their technicians pass competency exams.
- Compensating those who have been wrongfully convicted of crimes in the amount of $50,000 per year of wrongful incarceration.
- Mandating that law-enforcement agencies preserve biological evidence collected for crimes of criminal homicide, sexual assault, arson, kidnapping, robbery and burglary for the length of time for which the convicted person is incarcerated.
- Creation of a Forensic Advisory Board to oversee forensic science labs and investigate alleged errors or incompetence.
- Revisions to Pennsylvania's Post-Conviction Relief Act, which would 1) extend the length of time during which an inmate may bring a claim of innocence based upon new evidence, and 2) overhaul the Post-Conviction DNA Testing law to allow inmates who either "confessed" or pled guilty to a crime to have access to testing; allow for a comparison to CODIS and the Pennsylvania DNA database when an unknown profile is discovered; to permit judges to discharge an inmate without further proceedings; and other important revisions.
- Requiring that the Commonwealth disclose all prior dealings with informants and, in capital cases, holding pre-trial reliability hearings.
You can support this legislation by
- contacting your Legislator and asking them to support the bills; to find your legislator click here
- writing letters to the editor of your local paper explaining why these measures are necessary and calling on others to support the bills
- Get our comprehensive White Paper on Conviction Integrity Proposals in Pennsylvania here
- host a teach-in or forum at a community organization and invite lawmakers and Project staff to participate
- joining the Pennsylvania Innocence Project Policy Committee by sending us an e-mail at innocenceprojectpa@temple.edu.
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| Pennsylvania Innocence Project White Paper on Conviction Integrity Proposals in Pennsylvania |
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The attached White Paper issued by the Pennsylvania Innocence Project addresses the proposals from the Pennsylvania Advisory Committee on Wrongful Convictions report and the objections raised by 14 dissenters from the 52-member body.
The Pennsylvania Innocence Project, which was not part of the Advisory Committee process, supports most of the Advisory Committee’s recommendations. However, in some areas, further reforms are necessary to ensure fair proceedings and to protect against wrongful convictions. Toward that end, the Project suggests additional proposals, as outlined in the White Paper.
The recommendations in the Advisory Committee's report have now been introduced as legislation in the Senate Judiciary Committee, backed by Chairman Stewart Greenleaf. We will provide information through this web site and our blog as the legislation progresses through the Pennsylvania Assembly. Please feel free to forward this White Paper to others interested in supporting the Pennsylvania Innocence Project's efforts to prevent wrongful convictions. |
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| Innocence Project Featured |
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| The Fall 2011 issue of the Temple Review, Temple University’s alumni magazine, featured an article on the Pennsylvania Innocence Project. You can read the article here. |
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| Pennsylvania Innocence Project Holds Second Anniversary Event at Eastern Penitentiary |
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The Pennsylvania Innocence Project marked a key milestone recently, holding its Second Anniversary Event on May 24, 2011, at Eastern State Penitentiary, an historic site on Fairmount Avenue in Philadelphia. The program raised more than $87,000 for the ongoing work of the Project.
Hundreds of supporters, including volunteer attorneys and law students, staff and Board members and many others gathered at Eastern State to celebrate the significant achievements of the Project in the past year including the exoneration of Kenneth |
Granger, who was joined by his daughters and movingly described the gift of freedom after 28 years in custody for a crime he did not commit. Hundreds of supporters, including volunteer attorneys and law students, staff and Board members and many others gathered at Eastern State to celebrate the significant achievements of the Project in the past year including the exoneration of Kenneth Granger, who was joined by his daughters and movingly described the gift of freedom after 28 years in custody for a crime he did not commit.
Mr. Granger spoke of his unwavering resolve as lawyers fought seemingly endless battles for his exoneration and freedom, stating: “I survived my ordeal by adapting to the environment and I was fortunate enough to meet prisoners who took me under their wing and teach me the basics of law and politics.... By God’s grace, I was able to remain focused on vindicating myself. Four days a week I would attend the law library to research case law, and in 2006, my hard work paid off when I discovered that the case against me had been misrepresented [and] further examination uncovered numerous errors of police and prosecutorial misconduct.” Mr. Granger thanked his daughters and his legal team for working diligently with him.
Beginning a new tradition this year, the Project presented Hero of Justice Awards to Defender Association lawyers Karl Schwartz and Ellen McBennett, who represented Mr. Granger and to the Morgan Lewis& Bockius lawyers Gordon Cooney and Michael Banks, who represented death-row inmate John Thompson for 23 years, saved him from execution at the hands of the state of Louisiana, and then secured a $14 million civil rights award, which the United States Supreme Court overturned recently in a 5-4 decision despite undisputed suppression of exculpatory evidence by the office of New Orleans district attorney Harry Connick.
“The facts of the Kenneth Granger and John Thompson cases say more than any speech can about why we do what we do at the Project,” said executive director Richard Glazer. “Our mission is to free the wrongfully convicted and to reform the elements of the criminal justice system that permit such grave injustices to occur.”
The Pennsylvania Innocence Project has been expanding its programs and its reach at a hectic pace in the last year. Legal Director Marissa Boyers Bluestine reported that the Project is now investigating 14 cases of potential innocence, and involved in litigating five. Because of the help of over 200 volunteer lawyers, law students, and community members, the Project has been able to review more than 2,000 requests for assistance overall. Ms. Bluestine thanked the Project’s staff, volunteers and supporters, saying: “Your continued dedication and support have been the driving force behind our efforts. Your commitment is deeply appreciated not only by us at the Project but by all those we seek to help.”
The Project chose Eastern State Penitentiary for its second anniversary program in part to underscore the harshness of prison life and the devastating impact of wrongful conviction and imprisonment.
Mr. Granger concluded his presentation this way: “I am not ungrateful for a second chance in life which is why it is vitally important for the Innocence Project to continue to fight the good fight to help correct the many injustices that occur every single day, because they, as well as you, realize that an injustice against any citizen is a threat to justice for all citizens.”
The Pennsylvania Innocence Project is a non-profit organization, and a substantial part of its work is conducted by volunteer lawyers, law professors and law students. In addition to seeking the exoneration and release from prison of those who have been wrongfully convicted, the Project’s mission includes working in concert with law enforcement agencies and the courts to eliminate the systemic causes of wrongful convictions and to provide education and advocacy as to best practices in law enforcement and prosecution. |
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| Innocents Behind Bars: The Keys to Exoneration |
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On January 21, 2011, the Pennsylvania Innocence Project and Villanova Law School cosponsored the annual Matthew J. Ryan Law and Public Policy Forum. The program was held at Villanova University School of Law, with over 140 people attending. The forum, titled Innocents Behind Bars: The Keys to Exoneration, focused on a range of innocence issues. Panels addressed Post-Conviction Investigation; Forensic Investigation; False Confessions; and Policy Issues in Pennsylvania. Speakers included Professor Steven Drizin from Northwestern University School of Law, Professors Leonard Sosnov and Jules |
Epstein from Widener University School of Law, Kate Germond from Centurion Ministries, Richard Byington of John E. Reid & Associates, Martin “Marty” Tankleff, who was exonerated after serving 17 years in prison, and Senator Stewart J. Greenleaf, Chair of the Pennsylvania Senate Judiciary Committee.
The full schedule is included below. The presentations of most panelists were recorded and can be found here. Where noted, panelists provided PowerPoints, which are available to be downloaded.
Post-Conviction Investigation: Finding the Missing Key
Moderator:
Panelists:
- Kate Germond, Centurion Ministries
- Karl Schwartz, Delaware Federal Defender Capital Habeas Unit
- Leonard Sosnov, Professor of Law, Widener University School of Law
- Bradley Bridge, Defender Association of Philadelphia
False Confessions
Moderator:
- Thomas J. Innes, Esq., Defender Association of Philadelphia
Panelists:
- Richard Byington, John E. Reid & Associates
- Steven A. Drizin, Director, Center on Wrongful Convictions; Associate Director, Bluhm Legal Clinic, Northwestern University School of Law
- Martin “Marty” Tankleff, Exoneree
Forensic Investigation: Problems with Contextual Bias
Moderator:
- Anne Bowen Poulin, Esq., Professor of Law, Villanova University School of Law
Panelists:
- Jules Epstein, Associate Professor of Law, Widener University School of Law
- Robert Dunham, Capital Habeas Unit of the Federal Public Defender Office for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
- Heather Harris, Forensic Chemistry Consultant, Arcadia University
- Michael F. Rieders, Ph. D., NMS Labs
Policy Issues in Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania Advisory Committee to Investigate Wrongful Convictions
Moderator:
- Marissa Boyers Bluestine, Esq., Legal Director, Pennsylvania Innocence Project
Panelists:
- Senator Stewart J. Greenleaf, Pennsylvania 12th Senatorial District, Chair, Senate Judiciary Committee
- John T. Rago, Esq., Founding Executive Director, Cyril H. Wecht Institute of Forensic Science and Law; Founding Director, Post Conviction DNA Project, Duquesne University School of Law\
- The Honorable Sheila Woods-Skipper, Supervising Judge for the Criminal Division, Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas
- David Rudovsky, Esq., Senior Fellow, University of Pennsylvania School of Law
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| Equal Justice Works Fellow Joins Pennsylvania Innocence Project |
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On September 27, 2010, Charlotte Whitmore began a two-year Equal Justice Works fellowship as a full-time staff attorney at the Pennsylvania Innocence Project. Charlotte’s fellowship is generously sponsored by the Greenberg Traurig Fellowship Foundation.
Charlotte’s interest in addressing wrongful convictions began in 2002 when she was a collegiate intern at the Innocence Project in New York. Charlotte graduated in 2003 from Dartmouth College and then spent two years working as a paralegal at the Federal Defenders in the Southern District of New York. Charlotte is a 2008 cum laude graduate of the University of Pennsylvania Law School, where she was a member of the Order of the Coif and a Senior Editor on the Law Review and the Journal of Law and Social Change. She also has a Masters Degree in Education from the University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education. After graduating from law school, Charlotte clerked for the Honorable Anita B. Brody in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania from 2008-2009 and the Honorable Marjorie O. Rendell on the Third Circuit Court of Appeals from 2009-2010. Charlotte can be reached at cwhitmor@temple.edu. |
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| Proposed Professional Conduct Rule Would Impose A Duty on Prosecutors to Respond to Post-Conviction Evidence of Innocence |
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| On July 2, 2010, the Pennsylvania Innocence Project submitted comments to the Pennsylvania Disciplinary Board on proposed amendments to Pennsylvania Rule of Professional Conduct 3.8. The amendments would add to the Special Responsibilities of Prosecutors the duty to respond conscientiously to post-conviction evidence of innocence. As noted in the Project’s comments, the adoption of the amendments would give needed guidance to Pennsylvania’s prosecutors as to their duties as ministers of justice regarding post-conviction innocence claims. Moreover, as explicit statements of professional norms, the amendments would help prosecutors overcome any pressure to subordinate the interests of justice to the interests in preserving a conviction when substantial evidence of innocence comes to light post-conviction. Compliance with these norms will help eradicate the blight of wrongful convictions and lead to the apprehension of actual wrongdoers who remain at large to prey on others. The proposed amendments enjoy broad support in the legal profession, and reflect the duty of the criminal justice system to strive constantly to minimize the risk of error by devising and implementing more reliable procedures for accurately determining guilt. |
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| Digital Book's Sales to Benefit Pennsylvania Innocence Project |
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Thomas Lowenstein's The Ghost Detective is a superbly written thriller set in the closing months of the 20th century. James McParland arrives in Boston to seek redemption. One hundred years earlier, McParland joined The Pinkerton Agency and quickly became its top detective—a man so feared by his opponents that they often committed suicide rather than fall into his hands. Now dead for more than eighty years, McParland lives up to his reputation as “The Great Detective” as he reappears, determined to earn eternal peace by helping the souls of those he tormented in life and whose ghosts still walk among the living. The gripping tale propels the reader back and forth across centuries as human spirits collide with the spirit world in a tale of redemption, reconciliation, and the quest for everlasting peace. |
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In recognition of the need to focus attention on the injustices in the American criminal judicial system, Thomas Kennedy Lowenstein and Stay Thirsty Publishing will jointly donate 50 cents from the sale of every digital copy of The Ghost Detective to the Pennsylvania Innocence Project. To purchase a digital copy of the book - Click here.
About the Author
Thomas Kennedy Lowenstein is a writer, journalist, editor, and policy strategist. With a special interest in helping those wrongly convicted of a crime and in campaigning against the death penalty, he has worked tirelessly to focus attention on inequities in the American criminal justice system. Born in New York, educated in Boston, Mr. Lowenstein now lives in New Orleans with his wife and daughter. The Ghost Detective is his first novel.
"Compelling Narrative"
“Thomas Lowenstein's The Ghost Detective is at once a brilliant work of fiction and an illuminating exploration of the truths that elude us in life and, perhaps, in death as well. With stark and powerful prose, this stunning first novel evokes an era beyond living memory, where the dead walk restlessly and the living search for meaning. Deftly shuttling the reader between centuries, Lowenstein's themes -- redemption, faith, honor and justice -- inform a compelling narrative filled with richly drawn characters that come vividly to life -- even after they're dead. With subtlety and grace, Thomas Lowenstein has created a fascinating world where life and death coexist without fear. This is a novel where those of us who still struggle for meaning in the madness can now find just a glimpse of hope.
The Ghost Detective will haunt you long after you've read it; the only mystery is why you haven't already.”
-- David Bender, Host of: "Ring of Fire Radio;" Author of: "The Confession of O.J. Simpson: A Work of Fiction" and "Stand and Be Counted” (with David Crosby). |
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| Pennsylvania Innocence Project First Anniversary Celebration |
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On May 26, the Pennsylvania Innocence Project celebrated its first anniversary of working for the exoneration of wrongfully convicted inmates. The celebration was held at the Independence Visitor Center in Philadelphia. The evening featured music and dance with two of Philadelphia's spectacular musical groups: Standard Time, featuring players who are prominent lawyers or judges by day and accomplished, swinging musicians by night; and Philly Bloco, with 22 drummers, singers, dancers, accordionist, and brass, all set to the beat of Brazilian Carnival. |
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More than 125 people joined in the celebration. In highlighting the Project's first year achievements, Legal Director Marissa Boyers Bluestine said: "This has been a year of growth and hope. From nothing, our Project now boasts dozens of trained volunteer lawyers, students, journalists, social workers and others who together have evaluated over 1500 claims of innocence. Most of those who seek our help have nowhere else to turn, no one else to hear their cries for justice. To the few whose cases we are actively pursuing, we offer hope. That's what our first client said to me when we first met. He threw his arms around me and said: "I don't want to let you go. You're my hope." Executive Director Richard Glazer thanked the performers and the many volunteers who helped make the Project's first anniversary celebration a big success. More than $85,000 was raised for the Project's work.
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Standard Time (Lawyers by
day, swinging musicians
by night)
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Philly Bloco (Musicians and
dancers perform Brazilian
Carnival
style)
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Legal Director Marissa Boyers
Bluestine set out Project's
Year One achievements
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Everett Gillison, Deputy Mayor
for Public Safety, congratulates
Project
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Executive Director Richard
Glazer highlights Project's
growth in first year
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More than 125 persons
celebrated the Project's
first anniversary
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Performance of The Exonerated Raised Funds, Awareness for Pennsylvania Innocence Project
November 12, 2009 |
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Arcadia University in Glenside, PA staged a benefit performance of The Exonerated to support the Pennsylvania Innocence Project. The Exonerated, a play by Jessica Blank and Erik Jensen, tells the true story of five American men and one American woman who were convicted and sentenced to death for crimes they did not commit. Among them these six people spent more than one hundred years on death row before the criminal justice system finally corrected its errors and freed them. The Pennsylvania Innocence Project seeks, among other goals, to secure the exoneration, release from imprisonment and restoration to society of persons who are innocent and have been wrongly convicted.
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The well-attended performance was conceived as a benefit by Professor John Noakes of the Arcadia Criminal Justice Program, in collaboration with the Project’s legal director, Marissa Boyers Bluestine, and featured a post-play “talk back” panel with an exoneree, Ed Baker, civil rights attorney and law professor David Rudovsky, and the director of the production, Jim Bergwall. As the Project’s board president, David Richman, stated in a thank you letter to Arcadia University President Jerry Greiner, the performance “happens to advance perfectly the public education and advocacy mission of the Pennsylvania Innocence Project” and allowed the Project “to publicize its activities and raise some funds to boot.”
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Pennsylvania Innocence Project Conducts First "Boot Camp" Training for Pro Bono Attorneys
September 11, 2009
| The Pennsylvania Innocence Project launched its first “boot camp” training for volunteer attorneys who will represent individuals whose cases the Project has evaluated and who are believed to be actually innocent. The two-day seminar, held on September 11 and 12, 2009, was conducted by the Project’s Training Committee. Participating faculty included noted civil rights attorneys, professors from Temple University Beasley School of Law, Widener University School of |
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| Law and Arcadia University, public defenders from Philadelphia and Montgomery County and attorneys in private practice experienced in representing death-sentenced and other individuals seeking to establish their innocence. The Project’s legal director, Marissa Bluestine, and Temple Beasley Professor of Law Louis Natali created a hypothetical “trial file” for the event. |
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As a result of the training, 22 attorneys have pledged to take a Project case and received the full training. Another 12 attorneys were present for at least part of the seminar. Program graduates include private practitioners from a number of small firms and from some of the city’s largest firms, as well as attorneys from the suburban counties outside Philadelphia. Volunteer trainees came from as far west as Harrisburg and north as Northampton County. |
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| One trainee was so excited that, at the end of the seminar, he wrote a check for $1000 to the Project! Stay tuned for further Project training information and opportunities. |
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Innocence Project Website Launched
Click here for more information.
For Immediate Release
Contact: Laura Feragen
215.793.4666
lferagen@startoplin.com
Innocence Project Launches at Temple Law
Pennsylvania’s First Legal Center to Exonerate Wrongfully Convicted Inmates
Philadelphia - March 18, 2009
In 2004, Bruce Godschalk walked out of a Pennsylvania prison, 17 years after being wrongly convicted of two rape charges. His exoneration was made possible through post-conviction DNA testing and the steadfast efforts of renowned Philadelphia civil rights attorney David Rudovsky. It is because of Godschalk’s story, and hundreds like it, that Rudovsky and David Richman, a former prosecutor and long-time prisoners rights advocate as a litigator with Pepper Hamilton LLP, teamed up to form the Pennsylvania Innocence Project.
Using DNA testing or other irrefutable evidence, the project, housed at Temple University Beasley School of Law, will work to identify, and then exonerate, Pennsylvania inmates who have been wrongfully convicted despite their actual innocence. Armed with the evidence of flawed practices revealed by wrongful convictions, it will also advocate for reforms of the criminal justice system and the adoption of best practices statewide. Through Temple Law’s innocence clinic, specially-trained students will screen, investigate and pursue in the courts claims of actual innocence under the supervision of the project’s legal director and volunteer lawyers.
With the launch of this project, Pennsylvania joins more than 50 other innocence projects nationwide dedicated to securing freedom for persons imprisoned for crimes they did not commit and eliminating the causes of wrongful convictions.
"Temple Law has always been a leader in public service, so our association with this legal innocence project is a natural fit," said JoAnne A. Epps, dean of the law school. "It provides exciting opportunities not only for Temple and the faculty, but most of all for the students who will learn valuable legal skills as participants in this vital endeavor that seeks to strengthen the quality of justice.”
The need for an innocence project in Pennsylvania is borne out by the 10 exonerations of Pennsylvania prisoners to date, including Bruce Godschalk. Those Pennsylvania exonerees are among more than 400 nationwide who were imprisoned for 12 years on average before DNA or other evidence convinced a court that the wrong person had been convicted.
“Certainly, a society that pledges allegiance to the principle of ‘justice for all’ cannot tolerate the conviction of innocent people. But beyond correcting individual miscarriages of justice, we hope to work with police, prosecutors and judges in implementing the lessons taught by the wrongful conviction cases. In that way we will increase the criminal justice system’s effectiveness in detecting and punishing true wrongdoers,” said Richard C. Glazer, the project’s executive director, who also chairs the city’s Ethics Board.
Joining the Pennsylvania Innocence Project as legal director is Marissa Boyers Bluestine from the Defender Association of Philadelphia. Richman and Rudovsky serve as president and vice president, respectively, of the board of directors. The project’s advisory board includes such notables as the deans of the law schools at Temple, Villanova, Penn, and Drexel, two former U.S. attorneys, and a former Pennsylvania acting attorney general.
The non-profit project has received start-up contributions from the Pennsylvania Commission on Crime and Delinquency and the Independence Foundation, and a $200,000 match grant from Gerry Lenfest. Additionally, the project is seeking private funding from the legal community as well as concerned citizens.
A reception celebrating the Pennsylvania Innocence Project’s formation will be held on Tuesday, April 7, at the National Constitution Center. Featured speakers include Peter J. Neufeld, co-founder/co-director of the original Innocence Project at Cardozo Law School in New York; Honorable Stewart J. Greenleaf, chair, Pennsylvania Senate Judiciary Committee; JoAnne A. Epps, dean, Temple Law School; and Jennifer Thompson-Cannino, whose mistaken eyewitness identification twice led to the rape conviction of exoneree Ronald Cotton. Their stories are told in their jointly authored “Picking Cotton: Our Story of Injustice and Redemption,” which has been featured on “60 Minutes” and “The Today Show,” as well as People Magazine.
To learn more about the Pennsylvania Innocence Project and to make a contribution or register for the upcoming event, visit www.innocenceprojectpa.org.
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Background – Innocence Projects
Since the first Innocence Project’s founding in New York in 1992, more than 400 individuals serving long prison sentences for rape or murder have been exonerated based on DNA analysis of blood, semen, or other biological material, or on other evidence conclusively establishing their innocence. The exonerations are largely the work of individual, non-profit innocence projects throughout the U.S. and Canada, most of which are associated with law or journalism schools. In a significant percentage of these cases, exoneration led to the apprehension of the actual perpetrator, who would otherwise have continued to escape justice.
In dozens of states and hundreds of municipalities, recognition of the causes of wrongful convictions has led to videotaping of police interrogations, improvements in lineup and photo array procedures to prevent mistaken eyewitness identifications, and raising of forensic science laboratory standards.
The innocence movement provided the impetus for the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering’s recent report that called for major reforms and new research, citing serious deficiencies in the nation’s forensic science system -- deficiencies that have led to wrongful convictions.
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